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Robert Mugabe and Morgan Tsvangirai, the Zimbabwean opposition leader, this afternoon signed a "historic" deal committing to formal talks over the country’s political and economic crisis.
The two leaders sat together for a signing ceremony at the Rainbow Towers Hotel in Harare separated only by the South African President Thabo Mbeki.
The deal sets up a two-week negotiation period for Zanu-PF and the opposition Movement for Democratic Change to discuss issues including a possible unity government and how to hold new elections.
The ruling party and the opposition have been put under huge international pressure to enter negotiations after Mr Mugabe was re-elected in discredited elections in June.
Mr Tsvangirai, leader of the MDC, had previously refused to sanction any deal with the government until militias halted all violence.
He declared that today’s ceremony was “a very historic occasion” while Mr Mugabe said the agreement would “chart a new way of political interaction”.
Mr Tsvangirai pulled out of last month’s controversial presidential run-off vote because he felt he was threatening the lives of his supporters by asking them to vote against the ruling party.
He claims that 120 of his supporters have been killed between the first round of the presidential poll on March 29 and the second round of voting on June 27.
Mr Mugabe blames the opposition for the bloodshed between the two rounds of the election.
The violence and political uncertainty prompted international condemnation for Mr Mugabe and his ruling party. Western leaders have attempted to impose sanctions on the nation through the UN, but neighbouring states have urged an internal compromise. China and Russia vetoed tougher UN sanctions against the regime.
Mr Tasvangirai’s reluctance to negotiate was overcome last week when President Mbeki, who has been criticised for his approach to the mediation effort, agreed to expand the process to include the African Union, United Nations and other officials from the Southern African Development Community as a “reference group”.
Zimbabwe’s economic collapse under Mr Mugabe’s rule has flooded neighbouring countries with millions of refugees and left the once prosperous country with inflation of at least two million percent.
Today’s agreement is a first step with little clear sign of how the formal negotiations would progress.
Mr Mugabe insists that the opposition should accept that he is the rightfully elected leader of Zimbabwe while Mr Tsvangirai demands that the first round result should stand.
The opposition leader had earlier rejected the idea of a national unity government but he may accept a transitional phase if it leads to fresh elections.
Eldred Masunungure, a political science professor at the University of Zimbabwe, said: “Tsvangirai has so far done well to press for and win a role for both the AU and the UN in the mediation process, but he has to remain alert all the way.
“The actual negotiations are going to be a lot tougher and the MDC’s aim of easing Mugabe out of power or sharing executive power in a transitional government ahead of another election is going to be more difficult to get.”
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David Ashton,Australia
The entire electoral process that happened in zimbabwe from March to June was completely consitutional.
Political processes can run anyhow,but the constitutional reality is Mugabe IS president and he will choose the next government and appoint the extra MP's.
Full stop!!
Alton Hadzisa, London, UK
Lim , Johor Bahru, Malaysia - I was trying to echo what might be going on in some British heads when they reflect upon this move by Robert and Morgan, which has shut them out. I feel that this is a good move by the Zim. protagonist, outplaying the UK and dealing with their won problems internally.
Brum, Montreal,
brum, Montreal
Can you explain just what you have done for Mr.Morgan that he needed to be loyal to the Union Jack? Can't you see Mr.Morgan is a Zimbabwean and he needs to be loyal to Zimbabwe only. If as a Zim leader he is loyal to UK . then I have lost all hope in him. Help him by leaving him.
Lim , Johor Bahru, Malaysia
"Its not fair!" After all we have done for Morgan all this time and he betrays us by shaking hands with Mugabe. Is there no loyalty to the Union Jack anymore. Who can we trust. My heart bleeds ....we were only trying to be kind!
brum, Montreal,
Why are Mbeki and Mugabi in such a hurry now after 8 years of doing nothing? It's Western pressure that has kickstarted these so called talks. I hope MDC sticks to its demands and doesn't give an inch away. Mbeki and Mugabe cannot be trusted as they will try to maintain the ZIM criminal regime alive
Gil, Funchal, Portugal
Reading through all these post makes me laugh to all the people who are on about Mugabe, the British Queen knighted him after killing thousands in Matebeleland, now you know why Mbeki does not trust your government.How many British companies are trading in Zimbabwe? Barclays banking for him?
Clay, Jozi,
Excuse me Alton, Mugabe lost the first election but rigged the results (which is why it took so long to announce them) so he wouldn't have to accept them. Even SADC & the AU's monitors said so. That's good enough for me. But Africa hasn't got the guts to chuck him out.
David Ashton, Bathurst, Australia
Its not much but its something non-adverserial. That is a good start. Countrymen should settle their difference within their boundaries and be dependent on people who know little about the country; only wanting to project their own superiority. I hope that something positive will come out of this.
Glynn, Kingston,
In case people get carried away with this halabaloo,whatever the outcome of these negotiations,Mugabe IS the president of Zimbabwe and he has the constitutional mandate to not only appoint the cabinet but also appoint 16 extra MP's to reverse the MDC's parliamentary majority.
This is the reality.
Alton Hadzisa, London, UK
The question is what now, not so much for Zimbabwe but for the West. Can a plan be hatched where even Morgan, their lynchpin, is deemed unimportant to their overarching plans? If so how would they justify it and then legitimised their actions. It would seem to an amateur like me that its stalemate.
Glynn, Kingston,
Lets not pretend that a solution is going to be easily found.
Mugabe has to be extremely worried that the MDC will even "share" power in Zimbabwe.
Mugabes tribe are pastoralists and the MDC are mostly tribal warriors, ponder on that if you will.
Zanu PF will share power at its peril.
brian bunting, Chorley, Lancashire, united kingdom
Do you think we are stupid!!!
"Third world tyrant after slaughtering hundreds of thousands reliqushes control in favour of liberal democracy in Damascene conversion."
Here a response from one of the western colonialist oppressors.
"Pull the other one - it plays jingle bells!!!!!"
Mark, Berkhamsted,
Western media is 3rd rate when it comes to reporting on Africa. With few exceptions the analysis is shallow and out of touch with the indegenous viewpoint. You had all written off Mbeki and you have always underestimated Mugabe, the master tactitian he is. Chubby trade unionists have no chance !!
Roger Ndaba , St Albans, UK
The solution that will stick is one that has been agreed by Zimbabweans( without outside interference). Lim (Malaysia) is correct. Those war wongers who want bombs to fall on Zim should shut up. Zimbabweans want peace and progress.The talks and Mbeki's efforts are commended.
Davis, Manchester,
Charan Muzaya -What are your really intentions about Zim?You appear not to care about the plight of your fellow Zimbabweans.Why do you advocate for war when there is an option for peace on the table? Who do you think should pay for the massacre of over 50,000 black Zims during the struggle?
Davis, Manchester,
It is strange, three leaders agreed with each to act peacefully on resolving questions and someone still propose military invasion. In Russia we lived for a decade without 'fun' in 90s, I hope, Zimbabweans wont break either.
Alexey L.N., Novosibirsk, Russia
Tsvangirai is now in bed with Mugabe. Now we know that Africans are interested only personal aggrandisment no matter what political claims they make. Can we please send the so called political asylum seekers back to their own continent .
Not PC - post rejected by mods.
Marion Morrison, Cheltenham,
Credit goes to the G7 countries (G8 minus Russia) for this small step. Behind the scenes they put pressure on Mbeki to make progress or else South Africa would lose hosting of the 2010 games. Mbeki would have done nothing otherwise, except tinkering and pretending. He should be monitored closely.
Charan Muzaya, London, UK
Mr.Tsvangirai should never enter into any kind of deal with Robert Mugabe.Dealings with Thabo Mbeki is a complete waste of time,and I wondered how was it possible for him to be President of South Africa? A day is coming soon when both of them will stand before God, and give an account of their evil
Jeffrey Churchill, Pierrefonds, Quebec. CANADA
At the very least, the negotiations should end with the exit of Mr Mugabe, the army commander, the police chief and the disbandment of the notorious Joint Operations Command (JOC) which, under the chairmanship of Emmerson Mnangagwa, has organised the butchering of civilians over the last few months.
Charan Muzaya, London, UK
Lim , Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Once the world sees that China and Russia are slowly annexing all of Africa and that the Cape and Mediterranean routes may soon be controlled by these vicious regimes, they will re-think their priorities. Iran is not as much a priority as Africa, you will see.
Charan Muzaya, London, UK
This is a non-event. It's an agreement to talk to each other. Do we think Mugabe will really agree to give up power? The danger now is that Mugabe will aim to be legitimate by sucking in Tsvangirai as a minister in his government, thereby neutralising the MDC the way ZAPU was neutralised in 1987.
Charan Muzaya, London, UK
Time will tell who is doing what in Zimbabwe, and we know what has cause the meltdown in Zimbabwe. Tsvangirai should understand that negotiations are a give and take, compromises should come from both side. Sanctions should be removed and if Zanu-Pf makes those conditions what will MDC do?
Thuthukani Mkhize, Harare, ZIMBABWE
And so this peculiar international obsession with Zimbabwe fits into the US and British plans to reclaim their old colony. So maybe Mugabe isn't an effective leader anymore and people have forgottent the benefits of the Lancaster agreements, but- with many other shady governments - why focus there??
Ernesto Arce, East Los Angeles, USA
Charan Muzaya, London, UK
The world has no oomph to step in. D West (UK/US) is having economic woes of their own. Their forces are stretched thin in Iraq and Afghanistan. China is preoccupied with Olympics and Sichuan quake reconstruction. Zims have to solve their own. Yes, talk is d way.
22070
Lim , Johor Bahru, Malaysia
I do not believe that you can negotiate with a mad man. Mugabe along with his henchmen needs to be tried in some international court. Zimbabwe was a sould economy, exporter of grain with one of the best educational and medical systems in Africa. Someone must be held responsible for the ruin.
Jim McCreary, Houston, Texas, USA
it is all fine ang good that the m.d.c and zanu-pf are going to try to sine this deal but what hapens to the people that have put up with mugabes rule from 1980 . the countery is in the pits . why does america not step in and sort out the problem like that did in afganistane .
davil, kariba, zimbabwe
it is not fair on the people that have to put up with the situation that is in zim . pleas can even the un or any one that has the power to change things in zim come and help us . it is just no fun to live here any more . :-(
davil, kariba, zimbabwe
I totally disagree with you Mr Muzaya, it`s time for reconciliation and the world to support this for our motherland. If we start another war with Russia and China you will not win it. Lets be truthful, it`s time for Zimbabweans to solve their problems.
Freedom, London, UK
More "quiet diplomacy"? Another agreement to be broken? Mugabe will never share control, let alone relinquish it. Remove him before he proves me right.
Charlie, Cheltenham,
Time for the west to step in. Zimbabwe should be seen as a frontline of the expansionism of the evil empires of Russia and China, just as Afghanistan was in 1980, and Czechoslovakia was in 1968. China is after Zimbabwe's minerals. Russia is after the vast deposits of natural gas that have been found
Charan Muzaya, London, UK